Regulators have been slow to respond to the rise of machine traders and dark pools. However, in recent years, there have been several attempts to increase oversight and regulation of these markets.
: Independent platforms or those run by traditional exchanges. Regulators have been slow to respond to the
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As systems become more autonomous, humans are increasingly losing the ability to understand, let alone control, their AI creations. Finding the Work: Regulatory and Literary Context Another
Because dark pools selectively filter out aggressive high-frequency algorithms, public exchanges are sometimes left with "toxic liquidity," where prices change rapidly against market makers, widening spreads and increasing costs for everyone else. Finding the Work: Regulatory and Literary Context
Another tactic used by machine traders is known as "layering," where they place multiple orders at different price levels, creating a "layered" effect that makes it appear as though there is more demand or supply than there actually is. These tactics can be used to influence prices, often to the detriment of other investors.
If you are looking to read or study Dark Pools by Scott Patterson, several formats are widely available across online platforms:
